Condor

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The Condor option strategy is a limited risk, non-directional option trading strategy that is structured to earn a limited profit when the underlying security is perceived to have little volatility.

Using call options expiring on the same month, the trader can implement a long Condor option spread by writing a lower strike in-the-money call, buying an even lower striking in-the-money call, writing a higher strike out-of-the-money call and buying another even higher striking out-of-the-money call. A total of 4 legs are involved in the Condor options strategy and a net debit is required to establish the position.

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Limited Profit

Maximum profit for the long Condor option strategy is achieved when the stock price falls between the 2 middle strikes at expiration. It can be derived that the maximum profit is equal to the difference in strike prices of the 2 lower striking calls less the initial debit taken to enter the trade.

Limited Risk

The maximum possible loss for a long Condor option strategy is equal to the initial debit taken when entering the trade. It happens when the underlying stock price on expiration date is at or below the lowest strike price and also occurs when the stock price is at or above the highest strike price of all the options involved.

Breakeven Point(s)

There are 2 break-even points for the Condor position. The breakeven points can be calculated using the following formulae.

Example

Suppose XYZ stock is trading at $45 in June. An options trader enters a Condor trade by buying a JUL 35 call for $1100, writing a JUL 40 call for $700, writing another JUL 50 call for $200 and buying another JUL 55 call for $100. The net debit required to enter the trade is $300, which is also his maximum possible loss.

To further see why $300 is the maximum possible loss, let’s examine what happens when the stock price falls to $35 or rises to $55 on expiration.

At $35, all the options expire worthless, so the initial debit taken of $300 is his maximum loss.

At $55, the long JUL 55 call expires worthless while the long JUL 35 call worth $2000 is used to offset the loss from the short JUL 40 call (worth $1500) and the short JUL 50 call (worth $500). Thus, the long Condor trader still suffers the maximum loss that is equal to the $300 initial debit taken when entering the trade.

If instead on expiration in July, XYZ stock is still trading at $45, only the JUL 35 call and the JUL 40 call expires in the money. With his long JUL 35 call worth $1000 to offset the short JUL 40 call valued at $500 and the initial debit of $300, his net profit comes to $200.

The maximum profit for the Condor trade may be low in relation to other trading strategies but it has a comparatively wider profit zone. In this example, maximum profit is achieved if the underlying stock price at expiration is anywhere between $40 and $50.

These examples use standard U.S. stock options with a 100-share contract size and matching expiration dates. Related structures can use ETF, index or futures options, but contract multipliers, exercise style, settlement and the underlying price range can differ. A stock’s zero price floor must not be assumed for every futures contract.

Commissions

Commission charges can make a significant impact to overall profit or loss when implementing option spreads strategies. Their effect is even more pronounced for the Condor as there are 4 legs involved in this trade compared to simpler strategies like the vertical spreads which have only 2 legs.

For active traders, transaction costs can consume a significant part of returns. Compare the full commission and fee schedule, exercise and assignment charges, and bid-ask spreads. The cost of entering and closing every leg matters.

Similar Strategies

The following strategies offer related market exposure. Compare their construction, cost, maximum loss and assignment obligations; a similar outlook does not mean identical risk.

Neutral Calendar Spread

Long Put Butterfly

Iron Condors

The Short Condor

The converse strategy to the long Condor is the Short Condor. Short Condor spreads are used when one perceives the volatility of the price of the underlying stock to be high.

The Iron Condor

There exists a slightly different version of the long Condor strategy which is known as the Iron Condor. It is entered with a credit instead of a debit and involve less commission charges.

Wingspreads

The Condor spread belongs to a family of spreads called wingspreads whose members are named after a myriad of flying creatures.

Before expiration and assignment

The diagrams and worked outcomes describe expiration payoffs, not an option’s market price before expiration. Time decay, implied volatility, rates, dividends and bid-ask spreads affect early closing values. American-style short options can be assigned early; a protective long option is not automatically exercised when a short leg is assigned. Closing or exercising one leg can change the remaining position’s risk.