The index short put strategy is a bullish strategy designed to earn from the premiums for selling the index put options with the hope that they expire worthless.
Sell 1 put.
The options trader employing the index short put strategy expects the underlying index level to be above the put strike price on option expiration date.
Limited Profit Potential
Maximum profit is limited to the premiums received for selling the index puts.
The premium received.
Substantial but finite downside risk
For a conventional nonnegative equity index, the short put’s maximum loss occurs at a settlement value of zero. In this example, it is (400 − 4) × $100 = $39,600 before costs. That is substantial even though the loss is finite.
Strike price minus the premium received, if the stock falls to zero.
Breakeven Point(s)
Strike price minus the premium received, provided the result is zero or above.
Example
XYZ Index is a broad based index representative of the entire stock market and its value in June is 400. Believing that the broader market will rise moderately in the near future, an options trader sells a six-month XYZ index put with a strike of 400 index points expiring in December for a premium of 4.00 index points. With a contract multiplier of $100, the premiums received for selling the index put option comes to $400.
Suppose XYZ Index dropped to 380 in December and the DEC 400 XYZ index put expires in-the-money. At settlement value of 380, the DEC 400 XYZ index put option will possess an intrinsic value of 20 index points and upon assignment of this option, the trader is required to pay a settlement amount of $2000 (20 points × $100 per point). Taking into account the premium received for selling the option, which is $400, the trader's net loss comes to $1600.
Suppose XYZ Index went up to 420 in December and the DEC 400 XYZ index put expires out-of-the-money. At settlement value of 420, the DEC 400 XYZ index put option will expire worthless with zero intrinsic value. The trader's net profit is therefore equal to the amount received for selling the index put option which is $400.
Commissions
For ease of understanding, these examples exclude commissions, fees and financing costs. Include all costs when comparing an actual position; there is no universal commission amount.
For active traders, transaction costs can consume a significant part of returns. Compare the full commission and fee schedule, exercise and assignment charges, and bid-ask spreads. The cost of entering and closing every leg matters.
Amounts are in index points before fees. Multiply by the contract multiplier to convert them to money. If a maximum profit or loss calculation gives a negative amount, use zero. These figures assume matching contracts held to expiration and do not include financing or early assignment.
Before expiration and assignment
The diagrams and worked outcomes describe expiration payoffs, not an option’s market price before expiration. Time decay, implied volatility, rates, dividends and bid-ask spreads affect early closing values. American-style short options can be assigned early; a protective long option is not automatically exercised when a short leg is assigned. Closing or exercising one leg can change the remaining position’s risk.
Index points, settlement and hedge limits
The XYZ Index and its quotes are hypothetical. These examples assume a cash-settled contract with a $100-per-point multiplier. Use the official final settlement value, not an earlier index quote. The selected contract determines last trading time, exercise style and settlement procedure; some index options allow early exercise and others do not.
An index put can hedge market exposure, but a portfolio may not track the index exactly. Quantity, beta, timing, premium and basis risk affect protection. Cash settlement does not deliver the constituent shares. See the current index market guide.
